IRC 403(b) Tax-Sheltered Annuity Plans – Establish a 403(b) Plan
Only public educational institutions or 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organizations may establish a 403(b) plan.
The general steps to establish a 403(b) plan are:
- Adopt a written program
All 403(b) plans, except church plans that do not contain any retirement income accounts, must have a written program that must contain mandatory provisions and may contain other optional provisions.
- Sample Plan Provisions - To assist in drafting §403(b) prototype plans
- Model Plan Language for Public Schools - Provisions that a public school may use to draft a written program that reflects the 403(b) regulation’s requirements or to amend its existing 403(b) plan. Other types of eligible employers may also tailor the model language for their 403(b) plans.
- 403(b) Pre-Approved Plan Program established by Revenue Procedure 2013-22
The IRS will start accepting applications for opinion and advisory letters for prototype and volume submitter 403(b) plans on June 28, 2013.
- Sample Plan Provisions - To assist in drafting §403(b) prototype plans
- Establish annuity contracts or custodial accounts for plan participants
Individual accounts in a 403(b) plan can be any of the following:
- An annuity contract, which is a contract provided through an insurance company;
- A custodial account, which is an account invested in mutual funds; or
- A retirement income account set up for church employees that can be invested in either annuities or mutual funds.
403(b) plans cannot be funded with life insurance (issued after September 24, 2007), endowment, health, accident or other types of insurance contracts.
The employer, who is responsible for ensuring its plan complies with all legal requirements, should verify that there is no conflict between the terms of the 403(b) plan and the provisions of any annuity contract or custodial account agreement under the plan. The plan’s terms will overrule any inconsistencies.
- Obtain an identification number for the plan
403(b) plans that are subject to ERISA must comply with DOL regulations, which may include obtaining an employee identification number (EIN) for the plan. Governmental, non-electing church and other 403(b) plans that do not meet the safe-harbor requirements under the DOL regulations are not subject to ERISA.
- Provide information to employees and meet other obligations
403(b) plans that are not exempt from ERISA must also supply information to plan participants, including a Summary Plan Description, and must meet other fiduciary obligations.
Additional Resources
Find recent guidance, frequently asked questions, forms and publications, mini-courses and other 403(b) resources.
