AccessibilitySkip to Top NavigationSkip to Main ContentHome  |  Contact IRS  |  About IRS  |  Site Map  |  Español  |  Help  

9.7.6  Custody and Storage of Seized Assets

9.7.6.1  (08-05-2005)
Overview

  1. Management of seized and forfeited property is an important component of the seizure and forfeiture program.

  2. With proper pre-seizure planning, problems with custody and storage of seized property will be limited, see IRM 9.7.4, Pre-Seizure Planning.

  3. This section covers the transfer of custody and storage of property seized pursuant to Title 18 only:

    1. For the custody and storage of property seized as evidence and for forfeiture pursuant to Title 26 see IRM 9.7.12, Evidence Seizures and IRM 9.7.13, Title 26 Seizure for Forfeiture.

    2. For the disposition of property seized and/or forfeited under Title 18, see IRM 9.7.8, Disposition of Seized and Forfeited Property.

9.7.6.2  (06-11-2002)
Executing the Seizure

  1. In a civil forfeiture action, property subject to forfeiture is generally taken into custody pursuant to a seizure warrant, or a warrant of arrest in rem in a civil judicial forfeiture action where the property was not previously seized. In a criminal forfeiture action, property subject to forfeiture may be seized pursuant to a criminal seizure warrant, or upon entry of a preliminary order of forfeiture.

9.7.6.2.1  (08-05-2005)
Seizure Warrant

  1. Upon execution of a seizure warrant, the seizing agent will give the person from whom or from whose premises the property was taken, a copy of the seizure warrant and a receipt for the property taken, or leave the copy and receipt at the place from which the property was taken:

    1. An inventory shall be made in the presence of the person from whose possession or premises the property was taken, if he/she is present, or in the presence of at least one credible person other than the seizing agent, and shall be verified by the seizing agent.

  2. The return of a seizure warrant to a Federal magistrate shall be made promptly and shall be accompanied by a written inventory of any property taken.

9.7.6.2.2  (08-05-2005)
Warrant of Arrest In Rem

  1. With the exception of warrants of arrest in rem for vessels, the United States Marshals Service (USMS) will not honor the execution of warrants of arrest in rem from Treasury law enforcement agencies. The local USMS are available to provide advice and assistance in adhering to any local rules relating to the service of warrants of arrest in rem, see Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture (EOAF) Directive Number 23, Execution of Warrants of Arrest In Rem by Treasury Law Enforcement Agencies.

  2. If intangible property, not already in custody, is to be arrested, the seizing agent shall take it into possession for safe custody. If the character or situation of the property is such that the taking of actual possession is impracticable, or the property is already in custody, the seizing agent executing the process shall affix a copy of the warrant of arrest in rem to the property in a conspicuous place and leave a copy of the complaint and process with the person in possession of the property or with his/her agent.

  3. If tangible property is to be arrested, the seizing agent shall leave a copy of the warrant of arrest in rem and complaint with the obligor. If funds on deposit in the Customs Suspense Account are to be arrested, the warrant of arrest in rem may be mailed to EOAF.

  4. Unless otherwise instructed by the responsible Assistant United States Attorney (AUSA), the return of service of the warrant shall be made to the AUSA within 3 days of the execution of the warrant of arrest in rem on the Department of the Treasury Process Receipt and Return form (see Exhibit 9.7.6-1). This form mirrors the US Marshals Service Form, USM 285. See EOAF Directive Number 23 for instructions for completing and distributing the Process Receipt and Return Form.

9.7.6.2.3  (06-11-2002)
Preliminary Order of Forfeiture

  1. Rule 32.2, Criminal Forfeiture, of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure authorizes the seizure of specific property subject to forfeiture upon entry of a preliminary order of forfeiture. The seizing agent will give the person from whom or from whose premises the property was taken, a copy of the preliminary order of forfeiture, or will leave the copy at the place from which the property was taken.

9.7.6.3  (08-05-2005)
Use of Property Under Seizure

  1. Property under seizure and pending forfeiture shall not be used for any reason, including official use, until such time as the final decree or court order of forfeiture is issued - exceptions must be granted by EOAF, see EOAF Directive Number 8, Use of Property Under Seizure.

    1. Absent the final decree or court order of forfeiture of property under seizure, the United States does not have title to the property.

    2. Any use of property under seizure and pending forfeiture raises issues of liability and creates the appearance of impropriety.

9.7.6.4  (08-05-2005)
Custody and Storage of Assets Seized Pursuant to Title 18

  1. All property seized for forfeiture pursuant to 18 USC §981 or §982, except as described below, will be transferred to the custody of the seized property contractor for storage.

  2. The seized property contractor will take custody of all types of seized property except currency and/or monetary instruments, controlled substances (drugs/narcotics, firearms, Class A and B explosives), and those instances when CI determines that storing the property in another location will be in the agency's best interest.

  3. The custody of firearms will not be transferred to the seized property contractor. However, upon request, the seized property contractor will provide required storage space for firearms. The seized property contractor will maintain administrative custody only. See IRM 9.7.6.7.6, Types of Custody.

  4. In addition to the types of property listed above, the seized property contractor will not take custody of property seized for forfeiture pursuant to:

    1. Title 26

    2. property seized and held as evidence

    3. abandoned property

  5. In order to minimize storage and management costs where seized property (primarily vehicles) has been identified at the time of seizure for official use or equitable sharing, the requesting agency should generally be asked to serve as a substitute custodian of the property pending forfeiture.

    Note:

    Any use of the seized property, including official use, is prohibited by Department of the Treasury until such time as the forfeiture is completed and the equitable sharing transfer is concluded, see EOAF Directive Number 8.

  6. There also may be situations, such as where at the request of the US Attorney's Office or when adhering to policy of a particular judicial district, CI may choose to manage or dispose of seized property.

  7. When seized computer equipment is subject to forfeiture and is found to contain stored data which may be needed for evidentiary purposes, it should remain in the custody of a Computer Investigative Specialist (CIS) until the criminal investigation is completed.

9.7.6.5  (08-05-2005)
Seized Property Management Contracts

  1. The US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the executive agent of the Department of the Treasury for securing property management services to support the seizure and forfeiture program for CI, the other Treasury law enforcement bureaus, and the US Coast Guard.

  2. There are two separate seized property management contracts, one for personal property and another for real property.

  3. The Statement of Work (SOW) is the part of a Federal contract that clearly and completely describes the contractor's work requirements. Excerpts taken from the seized property management services SOW, and its appendices, can be found in IRM 9.7.6, Custody and Storage of Seized Assets. The manual follows closely in the format of the SOW, which should be referred to as needed for additional or more detailed information. The SOW is periodically updated with additions, deletions, or modifications. The Asset Forfeiture Coordinator (AFC) who is trained and certified as a field Contracting Officer's Technical Representative will maintain a current copy of the SOW.

9.7.6.6  (08-05-2005)
Seized Property Contractor Operations

  1. The seized property management contracts provide for services throughout the 50 United States and the District of Columbia, as well as Puerto Rico and all US territories.

9.7.6.6.1  (08-05-2005)
Communications with the Seized Property Contractor

  1. The AFC is the local CI representative authorized to communicate with and task the seized property contractor to perform stated seized property management services. All arrangements for the transfer of seized property to the property contractor must be arranged by the AFC. The AFC should be aware of and/or approve any contact between the seized property contractor and the asset forfeiture support services contractor or any other CI contact.

  2. The Warrants and Forfeitures Section (CI:OPS:WF) will communicate and deal directly with the seized property contractor.

9.7.6.6.2  (06-11-2002)
Availability of the Seized Property Contractor

  1. The seized property contractor is required to be available to provide stated seized property management services 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. The seized property contractor will provide telephone numbers to the AFC to use to reach its offices 24 hours a day, at night, including weekends and holidays.

  2. The seized property contractor will keep the AFC informed on how to contact appropriate representatives for off hours pick-up of vehicles, vessels, aircraft, etc.

9.7.6.6.3  (06-11-2002)
Contractor Operated Facilities

  1. A seized property contractor operated facility (COF) is a facility located in an area of high volume workload which has been designated to store, maintain, and dispose of seized property. It may also function as a sales center.

  2. The seized property contractor will be responsive to AFC requests to have seized property placed in appropriate storage facilities.

9.7.6.6.4  (06-11-2002)
Vendors and Subcontractors

  1. Based on frequent changes in the workload, the seized property contractor will locate, evaluate and solicit subcontractors and vendors on a continuous basis to supplement the seized property contractor's capabilities to manage and store property.

  2. The seized property contractor is required to adhere to established subcontracting guidelines and ensure, on a continuing basis, that all property management service subcontractors and vendors maintain insurance which is adequate to protect the value of the seized property in accordance with the seized property contract.

9.7.6.7  (06-11-2002)
Seized Property Management

  1. The seized property contractor will take custody of all seized property, at/or in the vicinity of the place of seizure, or at any other location designated by CI.

  2. The AFC will make any decisions related to the management of any seized or forfeited property which is in the seized property contractor's custody as outlined throughout the SOW.

9.7.6.7.1  (08-05-2005)
Disposition Orders

  1. A Disposition Order ( see Exhibit 9.7.6-2) is used to instruct or task the seized property contractor to perform stated seized property management services. An AFC is the only authorized CI contact to sign disposition orders.

  2. Disposition orders may be sent to the seized property contractor by facsimile (fax); however, the original order must be sent to the contractor. The original document may not be required where the seized property contractor allows a statement to be included in the disposition order instructing the seized property contractor to use the faxed disposition order as the original.

  3. The original disposition order will be signed by the seized property contractor upon completion of any property management services, and returned to the AFC.

9.7.6.7.2  (08-05-2005)
Consignment of Seized Property

  1. In the event of a pending seizure, the AFC will notify the seized property contractor as far in advance as possible and will prepare a deposition order and consignment order requesting the pick-up of any seized property.

  2. The seized property contractor will respond to a request for transfer of property from the AFC within the time period specified in the SOW unless another date and time is mutually agreed upon.

9.7.6.7.3  (08-05-2005)
Receipt and Transfer of Seized Property

  1. Seized property will be transferred to the seized property contractor at a designated site or site of mutual agreement. The seized property contractor will inspect and accept custody of property associated with each consignment.

  2. The seized property contractor will conduct a joint inventory of seized property with the AFC or designated CI contact at the time of transfer.

  3. Accessories, equipment, and spare parts required for the operation and/or maintenance of the seized property are normally included in the seizure of the property. Criminal Investigation should remove all other contents such as personal effects for return to the owner before the seized property contractor assumes custody of the seized property.

  4. A properly completed and executed Form 9573, Custody Receipt for Retrained or Seized Property ( Exhibit 9.7.6-3) and Form 9572, Continuation Sheet ( Exhibit 9.7.6-4), are required for all seized real and personal property transferred to the custody of the seized property contractor. Form 9573 serves as the chain of custody form. Forms 9573 and 9572 are located in Document Manager. The AFC should maintain a supply available of the multiple copy/carbon copy version of Forms 9573 and 9572.

  5. At a minimum, the following information will be entered on the Form 9573 when transferring custody of seized property:

    1. AFTRAK number (if assigned)

    2. SSI number

    3. date seized

    4. seizing officer

    5. telephone number

    6. property line item number

    7. seized property description

    8. condition and appraised value

    9. date of transfer of custody name, title, organization, and signature of the persons transferring and accepting custody of the seized property

    10. item and number of units transferred

  6. The seized property contractor will verify the Form 9573 for accuracy and completeness before or during acceptance of seized property.

    Note:

    The seized property contractor may not refuse custody.

  7. The seized property contractor will not add anything or write on the Form 9573 except:

    1. his/her signature and quantity on the signature line

    2. annotate discrepancies

    3. annotate that the seized property contractor accepts condition, administrative and/or constructive custody as applicable pending inventory

  8. The seized property contractor will keep the original Forms 9573 and 9572, and provide the remaining copies to the AFC or other designated CI contact on site. The original Form 9573 will be returned to the AFC upon disposition of the seized property, see IRM 9.7.8, Disposition of Seized and Forfeited Property.

  9. A completed property Form 181, Inventory of Seized Vehicle, Vessel, Aircraft (Exhibit 9.7.6-5) , is required for all seized vehicles, vessels, and aircraft transferred to the custody of the seized property contractor. Form 181 can be found in Document Manager. The AFC should maintain a supply available of the multiple-copy/carbon copy version of Form 181.

  10. The seized property contractor will verify the Form 181 for accuracy and note any discrepancies.

  11. The seized property contractor will keep the original Form 181 and provide the remaining copies to the AFC, or other designated CI contacts on site.

  12. The seized property contractor will also complete its own forms upon the receipt and transfer of any seized property. The AFC, or other designated CI contact on site, will verify the accuracy of the information contained on the seized property contractor's forms before signing them. The seized property contractor will provide a copy of each form completed to the AFC or other designated CI contact on site.

  13. The seized property contractor will provide the AFC with the Seizure Case and Asset Tracking System (SEACATS) generated seizure number used to track and identify seized property by the seized property contractor.

  14. Any movement of seized property from its current physical storage location will be approved by the AFC. The seized property contractor will provide the AFC with the Form 9573, which shows the new location of the seized property. The seized property contractor, or its designated agent, may contact the AFC to confirm details of the proposed transfer.

9.7.6.7.4  (06-11-2002)
Documentation of Condition of Seized Property

  1. At the time of the receipt and/or transfer of the seized property, it is the responsibility of the seized property contractor to document the condition of the seized property in writing, videos, and/or photographs.

  2. The AFC, or other designated CI contact on site, will also document the condition of the seized property in writing and may photograph or videotape the property.

9.7.6.7.5  (08-05-2005)
Transportation of Seized Property

  1. The seized property contractor will arrange for the safe, secure, and cost-effective transportation of seized property from point of acceptance to an approved storage site.

  2. While the common method of transfer is for the seized property contractor's agent/vendor/subcontractor to physically assume custody at the location designated by the AFC, alternate methods may also be agreed upon. For example, seized property which has been designated for transfer to the seized property contractor and can be packaged and shipped via US Mail, United Postal Service, or other responsible delivery service, can be so handled when the seized property contractor and the AFC have determined this procedure to be the most cost-effective.

  3. The seized property contractor will perform any necessary emergency repairs to facilitate movement and storage of seized property in accordance with the threshold levels established in the SOW.

9.7.6.7.6  (06-11-2002)
Types of Custody

  1. There are four types of custody for property:

    1. Regular Custody: The seized property contractor will take physical possession of property, provide secure storage for property, perform necessary maintenance on property, control access to property, and dispose of property as instructed by the AFC.

    2. Treasury Agency Custody: CI retains custody of property. Criminal Investigation may use the seized property contractor to execute a Disposition Order.

    3. Administrative Custody: The seized property contractor will provide secured space for sensitive property. Criminal Investigation strictly controls access to this space.

    4. Custody Pending Inventory: When directed by CI, the seized property contractor will take custody of certain property without conducting an inventory until CI arranges for a joint inventory at a later date. This must be documented on the Form 9573.

9.7.6.8  (06-11-2002)
Appraisal

  1. All seized property must be assigned a value upon seizure. The terms "appraised value" and " fair market value" have different meanings in the context of dealing with the seized property contractor.

9.7.6.8.1  (06-11-2002)
Appraised Value

  1. The appraised value (APV) of seized property is the responsibility of CI. The AFC, or other designated CI contact on site, will enter the APV for each line item on the Form 9573. The seized property contractor will notify the AFC within the time period specified in the SOW when an APV was not provided on the Form 9573.

  2. In situations where a third-party appraisal is required, the AFC may request the assistance of the seized property contractor in obtaining third-party appraisals. The third-party appraisal becomes the APV.

  3. The following types of seized property may require third-party appraisals:

    1. conveyances for which there are no established retail value publications, such as an antique or rare conveyance

    2. high-value or specialty jewelry items

    3. precious metals, stones, and gems

    4. rare or valuable coins

    5. objects of art

    6. antiques or artifacts

    7. any other unusual, unique, or special items

9.7.6.8.2  (06-11-2002)
Fair Market Value

  1. Fair market value (FMV) is defined as the value of property or merchandise in a given market at which both buyers and sellers are willing to do business.

  2. The seized property contractor will establish a FMV for seized conveyances within the time period specified in the SOW after the property has been transferred to the seized property contractor. The seized property contractor will establish a FMV for seized general property at the time it is designated for sale.

  3. The seized property contractor will determine the FMV of conveyances by using wholesale value publications such as:

    1. National Automotive Dealers Association (NADA) Official Use Car Guide

    2. Aircraft Bluebook Price Digest

    3. NADA Large Boat Appraisal Guide

    4. NADA Small Boat Appraisal Guide

  4. The seized property contractor will also use past sales experience, local merchants, trade catalogs and publications, manufacturers or other persons with knowledge to establish the FMV of seized property.

  5. The seized property contractor will adjust the FMV of seized conveyances annually or immediately prior to the sale of the property, as is necessary.

9.7.6.9  (06-11-2002)
Storage and Accountability of Property

  1. The facilities and methods of storage utilized by the seized property contractor, including those necessary for vehicles, vessels, aircraft, and general property, vary according to need.

9.7.6.9.1  (08-05-2005)
Facilities

  1. The seized property contractor can acquire storage facilities through lease, subcontract, purchase order, or other contractual arrangements. The seized property contractor is able to provide temporary, short, or long term storage throughout the 50 United States and the District of Columbia, as well as Puerto Rico and all US territories.

  2. The seized property contractor may use all established COFs. The current COF leases contain a provision that all lease agreements can be assigned to a successor prime contractor. The seized property contractor will subcontract for the most cost effective facilities that meet stated requirements at all times. If the subcontractors and/or vendors are outside a particular field office location, the seized property contractor will obtain the AFC's/Contracting Officer's Technical Representative (COTR's) approval before using the vendor. Any property stored outside of the field office location will be clearly identified as such by the seized property contractor.

  3. Government or municipally owned facilities (Federal, state, or local) may be available at little or no cost, especially for conducting sales.

9.7.6.9.2  (06-11-2002)
Methods of Storage

  1. Seized property will be stored by the seized property contractor in the most cost-effective method available to preclude any deterioration of the property so that the physical condition of the property is maintained as it was at the time of acceptance. Methods of storage will range from open storage to highly secured facilities, depending upon the type of seized property to be stored.

9.7.6.9.3  (08-05-2005)
Vehicle, Vessel, and Aircraft Storage

  1. Depending on geographical area and giving consideration to climate, security and other variable factors such as value, rarity, etc., some vehicles may require inside storage.

  2. Water is the primary cause for the deterioration of certain vessels. Salt water significantly increases the deterioration. For vessels in short or long term storage that are stored in water, the maintenance and deterioration costs may be more than the cost of removing the vessel from the water and storing the vessel on land. The seized property contractor will determine the most cost-effective type of storage on a case-by-case basis. The decision will be based on vessel size, appraised value, and condition at the time of seizure.

  3. Humidity in the air is a major cause for the deterioration of aircraft. The storage of aircraft near large bodies of salt water significantly increases this deterioration. The short and long term storage of aircraft in non-humid environments minimizes deterioration, and is preferred when costs of transportation to such sites are not prohibitive.

9.7.6.9.4  (06-11-2002)
General Property Storage

  1. The seized property contractor will accept livestock, fowl, perishables, and other unusual items of general property that may be seized in violation of laws enforced by the Department of the Treasury.

9.7.6.10  (06-11-2002)
Real Property

  1. The following subsections cover the real property management services under the real property contract.

9.7.6.10.1  (06-11-2002)
Seized Real Property Services

  1. The seized property contractor will provide assistance and property management services for seized real property, including residential and commercial properties such as dwellings, buildings, farms, businesses, and associated physical items and mechanical systems. Such seizures are nonroutine, handled on a case-by-case basis, and may involve pre-seizure planning, performing post and walk services, assistance on the day of seizure, post-seizure management, and disposition.

  2. The seized property contractor will provide, or obtain from licensed professionals, when requested by the AFC, the following specific services:

    1. pre-seizure analysis

    2. initial services upon transfer of real property to the seized property contractor

    3. appraisal (licensed)

    4. title search and report (licensed)

    5. security

    6. maintenance, improvements, and cost to remediate lead-based paint and other hazard substance contamination

    7. operation of commercial businesses

    8. management and rental

    9. disposition/sale of real property

9.7.6.10.2  (06-11-2002)
Pre-Seizure Analysis

  1. Pre-seizure services available from the seized property contractor are covered in IRM 9.7.4, Pre-Seizure Planning.

9.7.6.10.3  (08-05-2005)
Post and Walk

  1. The seized property contractor is not authorized to conduct or perform the arresting or post and walk of real or personal property. The arresting must be conducted by CI or other Treasury law enforcement agency.

  2. Upon receipt of a Disposition Order from the AFC which requires entry into post and walk property, the seized property contractor will contact AFC or other designated CI contact regarding arrangements for the location, date, and time of the scheduled entry with CI presence.

  3. The AFC or designated CI contact on site will have in their possession the court order that authorized entry (writ of entry) to the property and the requirements of the court. The seized property contractor will not enter the property unless accompanied by a representative from CI. The seized property contractor will provide those post and walk services requested via Disposition Order issued by the AFC, and accompanied by the court order. Post and walk services may include but are not limited to:

    1. obtaining lien and title search

    2. photographing and video filming

    3. inventory of the property and contents

    4. appraisal of the property

    5. monitoring and oversight of the posted property by drive-by

    6. evaluating and/or monitoring operating businesses by performing such functions as conducting stock inventories and auditing operation and financial records

    7. other SOW services directed by the court through CI

    8. delivery of post and walk reports

    9. identification of residential properties and/or building structures for lead-based paint

9.7.6.10.4  (06-11-2002)
Headquarters Approval to Seize Real Property and Businesses

  1. Headquarters concurrence is required before real property and businesses are seized by CI and transferred to the seized property contractor. For specific procedures to obtain HQ concurrence to seize real property and businesses, see IRM 9.7.4, Pre-Seizure Planning.

9.7.6.10.5  (08-05-2005)
Initial Services upon Transfer of Real Property to the Seized Property Contractor

  1. The seized property contractor will be provided the following documents from CI before transfer of custody of a real property seizure:

    1. a copy of the warrant, or court order, which states the seized property contractor is authorized to enter the property for management and disposal purposes

    2. writ of entry, if applicable

  2. Upon transfer of custody of a real property seizure to the seized property contractor, the AFC will specify the type and extent of initial property management services desired. The seized property contractor may be tasked by the AFC to perform services that may include, but are not limited to, the following:

    1. appraisal

    2. evaluation

    3. statement of condition

    4. estimate of rental value

    5. estimate of maintenance costs

    6. environmental condition and lead-based paint inspection

    7. security requirements

    8. identification of any unusual hazards or circumstances

  3. Unless otherwise specified at the time of transfer, the seized property contractor will videotape the property and contents with both interior and exterior views. The seized property contractor will take photographs of damaged real property and will submit photographs along with the estimate for repairs to the AFC.


More Internal Revenue Manual