High-low method.   The first two tables in this publication list the localities that are treated under the high-low substantiation method as high-cost localities for all or part of the year. Table 1 lists the localities that are eligible for $246 ($58 meals and incidental expenses (M&IE)) per diem, effective October 1, 2006. For travel on or after October 1, 2006, all other localities within CONUS are eligible for $148 ($45 M&IE) per diem under the high-low method.

  Table 2 lists the localities that are eligible for $237 ($58 M&IE) per diem, effective October 1, 2007. For travel on or after October 1, 2007, the per diem for all other localities increases to $152 ($45 M&IE).

Regular federal per diem rate method.   Tables 3 and 4 give the regular federal per diem rates published by the General Services Administration (GSA). Both tables include the separate rate for meals and incidental expenses (M&IE) for each locality. The rates listed in Table 3 are effective October 1, 2006; those in Table 4 are effective October 1, 2007. The standard rate for all locations within CONUS not specifically listed in Table 3 is $99 ($60 for lodging and $39 for M&IE). For Table 4, this rate is $109 ($70 for lodging and $39 for M&IE).

High-low method.   If you use the high-low substantiation method for an employee, when new rates become effective (generally October 1) you can either continue with the rates you used for the first part of the year or change to the new rates. However, you must continue using the high-low method for that employee for the rest of the calendar year (through December 31). Also, you must use the same rates for all employees reimbursed under the high-low method during that calendar year.

  For example, Employee A travels extensively during March and April of 2008, and you determine A's travel allowance (reimbursement) using the high-low method (Table 2). Employee A does not travel again until November 2008. For A's November trip and any others during the remainder of 2008, you may continue using the same set of rates (Table 2) or change to the new rates that generally will be effective in October. Assume that two of your other employees, B and C, are also reimbursed under the high-low method—your choice of rates must also apply to them.

  For Employee A's travel on or after January 1, 2009, you must use the rates in effect for 2009, but may either continue with the high-low method or choose the regular federal per diem rate method. The choice of method stays in effect for the entire 2009 calendar year.

  The new rates and localities for the high-low method are included each year in a revenue procedure that is generally published in mid- to late-September. You can find the revenue procedure in the weekly Internal Revenue Bulletin (IRB) on the Internet at www.irs.gov/irb.

Federal per diem rate method.   New CONUS per diem rates become effective on October 1 of each year, and remain in effect through September 30 of the following year. Employees being reimbursed under the per diem rate method during the first 9 months of a year (January 1-September 30) must continue under the same method through the end of that calendar year (December 31). However, for travel by these employees from October 1 through December 31, you can choose to continue using the same per diem rates or use the new rates. Your choice applies to all employees reimbursed under the per diem rate method during that calendar year. Just as for the high-low method, you must continue using the same method for an employee for the entire calendar year.

  For example, Employees P and Q attend an industry conference in February 2008 and you reimburse their expenses using the per diem rate method (Table 4). Employee P attends other conferences in July (reimbursed using Table 4) and December 2008, while Employee Q's only other travel occurs in October 2008. When determining Q's travel allowance for the October travel, you must decide whether to continue with the old (Table 4) rates, or adopt the new ones effective October 1, 2008. Your choice of rates will also apply to Employee P's December travel. Both employees must continue being reimbursed under the per diem rate method for travel through December 31, 2008. You can choose a new method for either or both employees; this choice will become effective on January 1, 2009.

  The new federal CONUS per diem rates are published each year, generally early in September, on the Internet at www.gsa.gov.