SOI tax stats - Partnership statistics

A partnership is a business arrangement where two or more individuals or entities come together to conduct trade or business. Each partner contributes resources such as money, property, labor, or expertise, and in return, they share in the profits and losses of the business—regardless of whether a formal partnership agreement exists.

On this page, you'll find detailed data tables and SOI Bulletin articles related to partnership data filed on Form 1065, U.S. Return of Partnership Income PDF. For definitions of key terms, an overview of data sources, and an explanation of data limitations, please visit the Partnership Study Metadata page.

Highlights of the Data

• Partnerships filed over 4.5 million returns for TY 2023, a 1.7% increase over the number filed for 2022. These returns represented more than 30.2 million partners, a 5.0% increase from the previous year.
• Limited liability companies (LLCs) made up most partnerships (72.7%), surpassing all other entity types for more than two decades.
• Limited partnerships represented 9.7% of all partnerships, and they reported 32.8% of all pass-through income and more than one third of the total partners (34.2%).
• The Real estate and rental and leasing sector accounted for approximately half (50.7%) of all partnerships and about one third (32.8%) of all partners. The Finance and insurance sector reported the largest shares of total income (loss) minus total deductions or pass-through income (loss) (63.5%), total assets (59.9%), and total receipts (25.0%) for 2023.
• Total assets increased 9.1% between 2022 and 2023, from $52.5 trillion to $57.3 trillion.
• Receipts totaled $12.0 trillion for 2023, down 4.4% from the amount reported for 2022. Pass-through income (loss) decreased 17.9% to $2.1 trillion for 2023 (down from $2.6 trillion for 2022).
• Partners classified as partnerships received the largest share of income (loss) allocated to partners, $635.5 billion.

Partnership Returns OneSheet PDF