Question
Why does my Form W-2 report a benefit of $5,000 in box 10 when my employer set aside $5,000 in wages for dependent care expenses under a dependent care assistance program?
Answer

When you choose to participate in a dependent care assistance program through your employer, your employer has to report that value in box 10 of your Form W-2. This type of plan is a voluntary agreement to reduce your salary in return for an employer-provided fringe benefit.

You're receiving a tax benefit because under the plan, you're not paying taxes on the money set aside to pay for the dependent care expenses.

You must complete and attach Form 2441, Child and Dependent Care Expenses to your tax return.