Internal Revenue Bulletin: 2018-21

May 21, 2018


Highlights of This Issue

 

These synopses are intended only as aids to the reader in identifying the subject matter covered. They may not be relied upon as authoritative interpretations.

Income Tax

Notice 2018–30 Notice 2018–30

This notice modifies the 338 approach and the 1374 approach as set forth in Notice 2003–65, 2003–2 C.B. 747, for determining recognized built-in gains or losses under section 382(h), to disallow using the additional first year depreciation deduction under § 168(k), which was amended by “An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018,” Pub. L. No. 115–97.

Notice 2018–44 Notice 2018–44

Notice 2018–33, 2018–17 I.R.B. 508, was issued on April 23, 2018. That notice used an incorrect amount for the maximum foreign earned income exclusion to calculate the housing cost amount for 2018. Notice 2018–44 revokes Notice 2018–33 and provides the correct amount of the maximum housing expenses and the base housing amount for 2018. Notice 2018–44 also provides an updated table of adjusted limitations on housing expenses.

Generally, Notice 2018–44 provides for adjustments to the limitation on housing expenses for purposed of section 911 of the Internal Revenue Code. These adjustments are made on the basis of geographic differences in housing costs relative to housing costs in the United States. Further, if the limitation on housing expenses is higher for taxable year 2018 than the adjusted limitations on housing expenses provided in Notice 2017–21, qualified taxpayers may apply the adjusted limitations for taxable year 2018 to their 2017 taxable year.

Notice 2018–45 Notice 2018–45

This Notice advises State and local housing credit agencies that allocate low-income housing tax credits under section 42, and States and other issuers of tax-exempt private activity bonds under section 141, of the population figures to use in calculating: (1) the 2018 calendar year population-based component of the State housing credit ceiling (Credit Ceiling) under section 42(h)(3)(C)(ii); (2) the 2018 calendar year volume cap (Volume Cap) under section 146; and (3) the 2018 volume limit (Volume Limit) under section 142(k)(5).

Notice 2018–46 Notice 2018–46

Notice 2018–46 allows taxpayers to continue to rely on the exception to United States property in §1.956–2T(b)(1)(xi) past its May 7, 2018, sunset date and announces the intention to publish regulations that will provide, similar to the rule in section 956(c)(2)(J), an exception from the definition of U.S. property for an obligation of a United States person to the extent the principal amount of the obligation does not exceed the fair market value of cash and readily marketable securities posted or received as margin or collateral for the obligation in the ordinary course of its business by a United States or foreign person that is a dealer in securities or commodities.

Notice 2018–47 Notice 2018–47

Notice 2018–47 explains how a State or local government amends the nomination of an empowerment zone to provide for a new termination date of December 31, 2017.

Rev. Proc. 2018–30 Rev. Proc. 2018–30

This revenue procedure provides the 2019 inflation adjusted amounts for Health Savings Accounts as determined under section 223 of the Internal Revenue Code.

Preface

The IRS Mission

Provide America’s taxpayers top-quality service by helping them understand and meet their tax responsibilities and enforce the law with integrity and fairness to all.

Introduction

The Internal Revenue Bulletin is the authoritative instrument of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for announcing official rulings and procedures of the Internal Revenue Service and for publishing Treasury Decisions, Executive Orders, Tax Conventions, legislation, court decisions, and other items of general interest. It is published weekly.

It is the policy of the Service to publish in the Bulletin all substantive rulings necessary to promote a uniform application of the tax laws, including all rulings that supersede, revoke, modify, or amend any of those previously published in the Bulletin. All published rulings apply retroactively unless otherwise indicated. Procedures relating solely to matters of internal management are not published; however, statements of internal practices and procedures that affect the rights and duties of taxpayers are published.

Revenue rulings represent the conclusions of the Service on the application of the law to the pivotal facts stated in the revenue ruling. In those based on positions taken in rulings to taxpayers or technical advice to Service field offices, identifying details and information of a confidential nature are deleted to prevent unwarranted invasions of privacy and to comply with statutory requirements.

Rulings and procedures reported in the Bulletin do not have the force and effect of Treasury Department Regulations, but they may be used as precedents. Unpublished rulings will not be relied on, used, or cited as precedents by Service personnel in the disposition of other cases. In applying published rulings and procedures, the effect of subsequent legislation, regulations, court decisions, rulings, and procedures must be considered, and Service personnel and others concerned are cautioned against reaching the same conclusions in other cases unless the facts and circumstances are substantially the same.

The Bulletin is divided into four parts as follows:

Part I.—1986 Code. This part includes rulings and decisions based on provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

Part II.—Treaties and Tax Legislation. This part is divided into two subparts as follows: Subpart A, Tax Conventions and Other Related Items, and Subpart B, Legislation and Related Committee Reports.

Part III.—Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous. To the extent practicable, pertinent cross references to these subjects are contained in the other Parts and Subparts. Also included in this part are Bank Secrecy Act Administrative Rulings. Bank Secrecy Act Administrative Rulings are issued by the Department of the Treasury’s Office of the Assistant Secretary (Enforcement).

Part IV.—Items of General Interest. This part includes notices of proposed rulemakings, disbarment and suspension lists, and announcements.

The last Bulletin for each month includes a cumulative index for the matters published during the preceding months. These monthly indexes are cumulated on a semiannual basis, and are published in the last Bulletin of each semiannual period.

Part III. Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous

Notice 2018–30

SECTION 1. PURPOSE

The purpose of this notice is to modify Notice 2003–65, 2003–2 C.B. 747. Specifically, section 3 of this notice provides that the hypothetical cost recovery deductions used in the 338 approach described in Notice 2003–65 to identify recognized built-in gain (RBIG) or recognized built-in loss (RBIL) under section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) are determined without regard to section 168(k) of the Code. Similarly, in computing the amount of cost recovery deductions that are not attributable to an asset’s built-in loss on the change date under the 1374 approach described in Notice 2003–65, the hypothetical deductions that would have been allowable had the loss corporation purchased the asset for its fair market value on the change date are determined without regard to section 168(k).

SECTION 2. BACKGROUND

Section 382 generally provides that, after an ownership change (as defined in section 382(g)), the amount of taxable income of a loss corporation (as defined in section 382(k)) for any post-change year (as defined in section 382(d)(2)) that may be offset by pre-change losses (as defined in section 382(d)(1)) shall not exceed the section 382 limitation (as defined in section 382(b)) for that year.

Section 382(h) provides rules for the treatment of built-in gain or loss with respect to assets owned by the loss corporation at the time of its ownership change. Under that provision, if, at the time of an ownership change, a loss corporation has a net unrealized built-in gain (NUBIG), any RBIG for a taxable year within the 5-year recognition period following the ownership change increases the section 382 limitation for that year, but not above the amount of the NUBIG. Similarly, if a loss corporation has a net unrealized built-in loss (NUBIL), any RBIL for a taxable year within the 5-year recognition period is a pre-change loss subject to the section 382 limitation, but not above the amount of the NUBIL.

Notice 2003–65 provides two alternative safe harbor approaches to the determination of RBIG and RBIL: the “338 approach” and the “1374 approach”.

Under the 338 approach, items of RBIG and RBIL are identified—

. . . generally by comparing the loss corporation’s actual items of income, gain, deduction, and loss with those that would have resulted if a section 338 election had been made with respect to a hypothetical purchase of all of the outstanding stock of the loss corporation on the change date . . .

Notice 2003–65, 2003–2 C.B. at 749. As described in section IV of Notice 2003–65, under the 338 approach, certain assets generate RBIG or RBIL even if not disposed of during the recognition period. Specifically, the 338 approach treats as RBIG or RBIL (as the case may be) the difference between the loss corporation’s actual allowable cost recovery deduction with respect to an asset and the hypothetical cost recovery deduction that would have been allowable with respect to the asset had an election under section 338 been made for a purchase of the loss corporation’s stock.

With respect to built-in gain assets of loss corporations with NUBIG, Notice 2003–65 explains the use of these hypothetical cost recovery deductions as follows:

The 338 approach assumes that, for any taxable year, an asset that had a built-in gain on the change date generates income equal to the cost recovery deduction that would have been allowed for such asset under the applicable Code section if an election under section 338 had been made with respect to the hypothetical purchase. Therefore, with respect to an asset that had a built-in gain on the change date, the 338 approach treats as RBIG an amount equal to the excess of the cost recovery deduction that would have been allowable with respect to such asset had an election under section 338 been made for the hypothetical purchase over the loss corporation’s actual allowable cost recovery deduction.

Notice 2003–65, 2003–2 C.B. at 750. Notice 2003–65 applies the same methodology to the determination of RBIL by loss corporations with NUBIL:

. . . with respect to a built-in loss asset on the change date, the 338 approach treats as RBIL the excess of the loss corporation’s actual allowable cost recovery deduction over the cost recovery deduction that would have been allowable to the loss corporation with respect to such asset had an election under section 338 been made with respect to the hypothetical purchase.

Id.

Section 13201 of “An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018,” Pub. L. No. 115–97 (Act), amended section 168(k) to extend and modify the additional first year depreciation deduction for qualified property (as defined in section 168(k)(2)) acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017, and before January 1, 2027. The additional first year depreciation deduction allowed under section 168(k) is equal to 100 percent for qualified property acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017, and before January 1, 2023, and thereafter is phased down 20 percentage points each year for property placed in service through December 31, 2026. In addition, prior to the Act, for qualified property to be eligible for additional first year depreciation, the original use of the property had to commence with the taxpayer. The Act removed this requirement, thus allowing certain used property to qualify for the additional first year depreciation deduction.

Pursuant to Notice 2003–65 in its current form, the amendments to section 168(k) would have collateral consequences in connection with the 338 approach. The additional first year depreciation would increase RBIG and reduce RBIL in the first year of the recognition period. Moreover, in some situations, total RBIG would increase and total RBIL would either increase or decrease over the 5-year recognition period.

The Department of the Treasury (Treasury Department) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) have determined that these changes in amounts of RBIG and RBIL are not appropriate. The legislative history of the Act indicates that the amendments to section 168(k) were intended to encourage capital investment by reducing the cost of capital and simplify recordkeeping. H.R. Rep. No. 115–409 (2018) at 232. There is no indication in the Act or in the legislative history that the amendments to section 168(k) were intended to reflect an estimate of income or expense generated by an asset during any particular time.

Accordingly, the Treasury Department and the IRS have determined that the hypothetical cost recovery deduction using the additional first year depreciation allowed under section 168(k) does not provide a reasonable estimate of the income or expense produced by a built-in gain or loss asset during the recognition period. Thus, the use of this additional first year depreciation would invalidate the assumption that underlies the section 338 approach, as set forth above.

The concerns underlying the 338 approach apply equally to one portion of the 1374 approach. The 1374 approach generally incorporates the rules of section 1374(d) of the Code and §§ 1.1374–3, 1.1374–4, and 1.1374–7 of the Income Tax Regulations in identifying RBIG and RBIL. The 1374 approach relies on the accrual method of accounting in determining whether certain items of income or deduction are RBIG or RBIL respectively. However, in accordance with section 382(h)(2)(B), the 1374 approach treats any allowable deduction for depreciation, amortization, or depletion (collectively, “amortization”) of a built-in loss asset as RBIL, except to the extent the loss corporation establishes that the amount is not attributable to the excess of an asset’s adjusted basis over its fair market value on the change date, regardless of whether the amount accrued for tax purposes before the change date. In determining the amount of amortization deduction that is not attributable to an asset’s built-in loss on the change date, Notice 2003–65 provides:

One acceptable method is to compare the amount of the amortization deduction actually allowed to the amount of such deduction that would have been allowed had the loss corporation purchased the asset for its fair market value on the change date. The amount by which the amount of the actual amortization deduction does not exceed the amount of the hypothetical amortization deduction is not RBIL.

Notice 2003–65, 2003–2 C.B. at 749. This method is essentially the same as the 338 approach for determining RBIL. Accordingly, the Treasury Department and the IRS have determined that a hypothetical amortization deduction using the additional first year depreciation allowed under section 168(k) does not provide a reasonable estimate of RBIL for purposes of section 382(h)(2)(B) under the 1374 approach.

SECTION 3. MODIFICATIONS TO NOTICE 2003–65 SAFE HARBOR APPROACHES

This notice modifies the 338 approach and the 1374 approach set forth in Notice 2003–65.

Pursuant to Notice 2003–65 as modified by this notice, under the 338 approach, in determining RBIG or RBIL, the hypothetical cost recovery deductions that would have been allowable had an election under section 338 been made are determined without regard to section 168(k).

Pursuant to Notice 2003–65 as modified by this notice, under the 1374 approach, in computing the amount of cost recovery deductions that are not attributable to an asset’s built-in loss on the change date, the hypothetical cost recovery deductions that would have been allowable had the loss corporation purchased the asset for its fair market value on the change date are determined without regard to section 168(k).

SECTION 4. EFFECT ON OTHER DOCUMENTS

Notice 2003–65, 2003–2 C.B. 747, is modified.

SECTION 5. REQUEST FOR COMMENTS

The Treasury Department and the IRS continue to request comments on the treatment of built-in items under section 382(h).

SECTION 6. EFFECTIVE DATE

This notice is effective for any ownership changes (as defined in section 382(g)) that occur after May 8, 2018.

SECTION 7. DRAFTING INFORMATION

The principal author of this notice is Matt Tam of the Office of the Associate Chief Counsel (Corporate). Other personnel from the Treasury Department and the IRS also participated in its development. For further information regarding this notice, contact Matt Tam at (202) 317-5024 (not a toll-free number).

Notice 2018–44

Determination of Housing Cost Amounts Eligible for Exclusion or Deduction for 2018

SECTION 1. PURPOSE

This notice provides adjustments to the limitation on housing expenses for purposes of section 911 of the Internal Revenue Code for specific locations for 2018. These adjustments are made on the basis of geographic differences in housing costs relative to housing costs in the United States.

SECTION 2. BACKGROUND

Section 911(a) allows a qualified individual to elect to exclude from gross income the foreign earned income and housing cost amount of such individual. The term “housing cost amount” is generally the total of the housing expenses for the taxable year minus a base housing amount. See section 911(c)(1). For this purpose, the housing expenses taken into account are limited to an amount that is tied to the maximum foreign earned income exclusion. Specifically, the limit on such housing expenses equals 30 percent (adjusted as may be provided under the Secretary’s authority under section 911(c)(2)(B)) of the maximum exclusion amount (computed on a daily basis), multiplied by the number of days in the applicable period that fall within the taxable year. See section 911(c)(2)(A). Thus, under this general limitation, a qualified individual whose entire taxable year is within the applicable period is limited to maximum housing expenses of $31,170 ($103,900 x .30) for 2018.

Similarly, the computation of the base housing amount is also tied to the maximum foreign earned income exclusion. Specifically, the base housing amount is 16% of the maximum exclusion amount (computed on a daily basis), multiplied by the number of days in the applicable period that fall within the taxable year. See sections 911(c)(1)(B) and 911(d)(1). Assuming that the entire taxable year of a qualified individual is within the applicable period, the base housing amount for 2018 is $16,624 ($103,900 x .16). Section 911(c)(2)(B) authorizes the Secretary to issue regulations or other guidance to adjust the percentage under section 911(c)(2)(A)(i) (which determines the limit on housing expenses) based on geographic differences in housing costs relative to housing costs in the United States. Pursuant to this authority, the Department of the Treasury (Treasury Department) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) have published annual notices concerning the limitation on the section 911 housing cost amounts since the 2006 taxable year.

Notice 2018–33, 2018–17 I.R.B. 508, was issued on April 23, 2018. That notice used an incorrect amount for the maximum foreign earned income exclusion to calculate the housing cost amount for 2018. This notice revokes Notice 2018–33 and provides the correct amount of the maximum housing expenses and the base housing amount for 2018. This notice also provides an updated table of adjusted limitations on housing expenses.

For more background on the foreign housing exclusion, see https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-housing-exclusion-or deduction.

SECTION 3. TABLE OF ADJUSTED LIMITATIONS FOR 2018

The following table provides adjusted limitations on housing expenses (in lieu of the otherwise applicable limitation of $31,170) for 2018.

Country Location Limitation on Housing Expenses (full year) Limitation on Housing Expenses (daily)
Angola Luanda 84,000 230.14
Argentina Buenos Aires 56,500 154.79
Australia Melbourne 32,100 87.95
Australia Perth 34,300 93.97
Australia Sydney 64,700 177.26
Austria Vienna 35,400 96.99
Bahamas, The Nassau 49,700 136.16
Bahrain Bahrain 48,300 132.33
Barbados Barbados 37,700 103.29
Belgium Antwerp 31,300 85.75
Belgium Brussels 42,900 117.53
Belgium Gosselies 38,200 104.66
Belgium Hoogbuul 31,300 85.75
Belgium Mons 38,200 104.66
Belgium SHAPE/Chievres 38,200 104.66
Bermuda Bermuda 90,000 246.58
Brazil Rio de Janeiro 35,100 96.16
Brazil Sao Paulo 56,600 155.07
Canada Calgary 39,400 107.95
Canada Montreal 52,500 143.84
Canada Ottawa 44,600 122.19
Canada Quebec 35,700 97.81
Canada Toronto 46,700 127.95
Canada Vancouver 44,700 122.47
Canada Victoria 40,500 110.96
Cayman Islands Grand Cayman 48,000 131.51
Chile Santiago 40,900 112.05
China Beijing 71,200 195.07
China Hong Kong 114,300 313.15
China Shanghai 57,001 156.17
Colombia Bogota 58,700 160.82
Colombia All cities other than Bogota 49,400 135.34
Costa Rica San Jose 32,000 87.67
Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa 42,000 115.07
Denmark Copenhagen 43,704 119.74
Dominican Republic Santo Domingo 45,500 124.66
Ecuador Quito 38,200 104.66
El Salvador San Salvador 32,000 87.67
Estonia Tallinn 46,600 127.67
France Garches 73,600 201.64
France Lyon 40,700 111.51
France Marseille 39,700 108.77
France Montpellier 32,800 89.86
France Paris 73,600 201.64
France Sevres 73,600 201.64
France Suresnes 73,600 201.64
France Versailles 73,600 201.64
France All cities other than Garches, Le Havre, Lyon, Marseille, Montpellier, Paris, Sevres, Suresnes and Versailles 31,900 87.40
Germany Babenhausen 36,100 98.90
Germany Baumholder 35,900 98.36
Germany Berlin 44,100 120.82
Germany Birkenfeld 35,900 98.36
Germany Boeblingen 43,900 120.27
Germany Bonn 42,000 115.07
Germany Cologne 56,200 153.97
Germany Darmstadt 36,100 98.90
Germany Frankfurt am Main 37,700 103.29
Germany Garmisch-Partenkirchen 33,900 92.88
Germany Gelnhausen 45,500 124.66
Germany Giessen 36,000 98.63
Germany Grafenwoehr 36,400 99.73
Germany Hanau 45,500 124.66
Germany Heidelberg 33,700 92.33
Germany Idar-Oberstein 35,900 98.36
Germany Ingolstadt 51,500 141.10
Germany Kaiserslautern, Landkreis 44,200 121.10
Germany Karlsruhe 34,800 95.34
Germany Kitzingen 31,200 85.48
Germany Koblenz 35,400 96.99
Germany Leimen 33,700 92.33
Germany Ludwigsburg 43,900 120.27
Germany Mainz 48,100 131.78
Germany Mannheim 33,700 92.33
Germany Munich 51,500 141.10
Germany Nellingen 43,900 120.27
Germany Neubruecke 35,900 98.36
Germany Ober Ramstadt 36,100 98.90
Germany Oberammergau 33,900 92.88
Germany Pirmasens 44,200 121.10
Germany Rheinau 33,700 92.33
Germany Schwetzingen 33,700 92.33
Germany Seckenheim 33,700 92.33
Germany Sembach 44,200 121.10
Germany Stuttgart 43,900 120.27
Germany Vilseck 36,400 99.73
Germany Wahn 42,000 115.07
Germany Wertheim 31,200 85.48
Germany Wiesbaden 48,100 131.78
Germany Wuerzburg 31,200 85.48
Germany Zweibrueken 44,200 121.10
Germany All cities other than Augsburg, Babenhausen, Bad Aibling, Bad Kreuznach, Bad Nauheim, Baumholder, Berchtesgaden, Berlin, Birkenfeld, Boeblingen, Bonn, Bremen, Bremerhaven, Butzbach, Cologne, Darmstadt, Delmenhorst, Duesseldorf, Erlangen, Flensburg, Frankfurt am Main, Friedberg, Fuerth, Garlstedt, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Geilenkirchen, Gelnhausen, Germersheim, Giebelstadt, Giessen, Grafenwoehr, Grefrath, Greven, Gruenstadt, Hamburg, Hanau, Handorf, Hannover, Heidelberg, Heilbronn, Herongen, Idar-Oberstein, Ingolstadt, Kaiserslautern, Landkreis, Kalkar, Karlsruhe, Kerpen, Kitzingen, Koblenz, Leimen, Leipzig, Ludwigsburg, Mainz, Mannheim, Mayen, Moenchen-Gladbach, Muenster, Munich, Nellingen, Neubruecke, Noervenich, Nuernberg, Ober Ramstadt, Oberammergau, Osterholz-Scharmbeck, Pirmasens, Rheinau, Rheinberg, Schwabach, Schwetzingen, Seckenheim, Sembach, Stuttgart, Twisteden, Vilseck, Wahn, Wertheim, Wiesbaden, Worms, Wuerzburg, Zirndorf and Zweibrueken 35,400 96.99
Ghana Accra 36,000 98.63
Greece Athens 36,100 98.90
Greece Elefsis 36,100 98.90
Greece Ellinikon 36,100 98.90
Greece Mt. Parnis 36,100 98.90
Greece Mt. Pateras 36,100 98.90
Greece Nea Makri 36,100 98.90
Greece Piraeus 36,100 98.90
Greece Tanagra 36,100 98.90
Guatemala Guatemala City 41,800 114.52
Guinea Conakry 51,300 140.55
Guyana Georgetown 35,000 95.89
Holy See, The Holy See, The 49,000 134.25
Hungary Budapest 32,500 89.04
India Mumbai 67,920 186.08
India New Delhi 56,124 153.76
Indonesia Jakarta 37,776 103.50
Ireland Dublin 42,600 116.71
Ireland Shannon Area 33,700 92.33
Israel Beer Sheva 56,200 153.97
Israel Tel Aviv 50,800 139.18
Italy Genoa 41,800 114.52
Italy Gioia Tauro 31,200 85.48
Italy La Spezia 40,400 110.68
Italy Milan 73,200 200.55
Italy Naples 49,100 134.52
Italy Parma 37,200 101.92
Italy Pordenone-Aviano 38,100 104.38
Italy Rome 49,000 134.25
Italy Turin 36,600 100.27
Italy Vicenza 39,900 109.32
Jamaica Kingston 41,200 112.88
Japan Atsugi 39,700 108.77
Japan Camp Zama 39,700 108.77
Japan Chiba-Ken 39,700 108.77
Japan Fussa 39,700 108.77
Japan Gifu 74,300 203.56
Japan Haneda 39,700 108.77
Japan Iwakuni 31,400 86.03
Japan Kanagawa-Ken 39,700 108.77
Japan Komaki 74,300 203.56
Japan Machidi-Shi 39,700 108.77
Japan Misawa 31,700 86.85
Japan Nagoya 74,300 203.56
Japan Okinawa Prefecture 56,000 153.42
Japan Osaka-Kobe 90,664 248.39
Japan Sagamihara 39,700 108.77
Japan Saitama-Ken 39,700 108.77
Japan Sasebo 32,200 88.22
Japan Tachikawa 39,700 108.77
Japan Tokyo 89,000 243.84
Japan Tokyo-to 39,700 108.77
Japan Yokohama 47,400 129.86
Japan Yokosuka 46,100 126.30
Japan Yokota 37,400 102.47
Jerusalem Jerusalem 49,000 134.25
Jerusalem West Bank 49,000 134.25
Kazakhstan Almaty 48,000 131.51
Korea Camp Carroll 31,600 86.58
Korea Camp Colbern 54,200 148.49
Korea Camp Market 59,300 162.47
Korea Camp Mercer 54,200 148.49
Korea K-16 59,300 162.47
Korea Kimhae 31,700 86.85
Korea Kimpo Airfield 59,300 162.47
Korea Munsan 33,900 92.88
Korea Osan AB 39,200 107.40
Korea Pusan 31,700 86.85
Korea Pyongtaek 42,200 115.62
Korea Seoul 59,300 162.47
Korea Suwon 59,300 162.47
Korea Taegu 36,000 98.63
Korea Tongduchon 35,200 96.44
Korea Uijongbu 32,700 89.59
Korea Waegwan 31,600 86.58
Korea All cities other than Ammo Depot #9, Camp Carroll, Camp Colbern, Camp Market, Camp Mercer, Changwon, Chinhae, Chunchon, K-16, Kimhae, Kimpo Airfield, Kunsun, Kwangju, Munsan, Osan AB, Pusan, Pyongtaek, Seoul, Suwon, Taegu, Tongduchon, Uijongbu, and Waegwan 31,900 87.40
Kuwait Kuwait City 64,400 176.44
Kuwait All cities other than Kuwait City 57,700 158.08
Luxembourg Luxembourg 40,100 109.86
Macedonia Skopje 35,400 96.99
Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 46,200 126.58
Malaysia All cities other than Kuala Lumpur 33,700 92.33
Malta Malta 55,100 150.96
Mexico Merida 37,900 103.84
Mexico Mexico City 47,900 131.23
Mexico Monterrey 33,200 90.96
Mexico All cities other than Ciudad Juarez, Cuernavaca, Guadalajara, Hermosillo, Matamoros, Mazatlan, Merida, Metapa, Mexico City, Monterrey, Nogales, Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa, Tapachula, Tijuana, Tuxtla Gutierrez, and Veracruz 39,400 107.95
Mozambique Maputo 39,500 108.22
Namibia Windhoek 32,100 87.95
Netherlands Amsterdam 52,900 144.93
Netherlands Aruba 36,000 98.63
Netherlands Brunssum 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Eygelshoven 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Hague, The 58,400 160.00
Netherlands Heerlen 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Hoensbroek 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Hulsberg 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Kerkrade 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Landgraaf 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Maastricht 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Papendrecht 35,200 96.44
Netherlands Rotterdam 35,200 96.44
Netherlands Schaesburg 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Schinnen 35,900 98.36
Netherlands Schiphol 52,900 144.93
Netherlands Ypenburg 58,400 160.00
Netherlands All cities other than Amsterdam, Aruba, Brunssum, Coevorden, Eygelshoven, The Hague, Heerlen, Hoensbroek, Hulsberg, Kerkrade, Landgraaf, Maastricht, Margraten, Papendrecht, Rotterdam, Schaesburg, Schinnen, Schiphol, and Ypenburg. 34,700 95.07
Netherlands Antilles Curacao 45,800 125.48
New Zealand Auckland 35,700 97.81
New Zealand Christchurch 32,100 87.95
New Zealand Wellington 33,800 92.60
Nicaragua Managua 31,800 87.12
Nigeria Abuja 36,000 98.63
Norway Oslo 36,100 98.90
Oman Muscat 41,300 113.15
Panama Panama City 39,500 108.22
Peru Lima 39,100 107.12
Philippines Cavite 33,500 91.78
Philippines Manila 37,380 102.41
Portugal Alverca 44,800 122.74
Portugal Lisbon 44,800 122.74
Qatar Doha 45,888 125.72
Qatar All cities other than Doha 32,400 88.77
Romania Bucharest 41,200 112.88
Russia Moscow 108,000 295.89
Russia Saint Petersburg 60,000 164.38
Russia Sakhalin Island 77,500 212.33
Russia Vladivostok 77,500 212.33
Russia Yekaterinburg 47,400 129.86
Rwanda Kigali 31,500 86.30
Saudi Arabia Jeddah 30,667 84.02
Saudi Arabia Riyadh 40,000 109.59
Singapore Singapore 80,500 220.55
Slovenia Ljubljana 51,400 140.82
South Africa Pretoria 39,300 107.67
Spain Barcelona 40,600 111.23
Spain Madrid 59,700 163.56
Spain Rota 36,500 100.00
Spain Valencia 34,300 93.97
Suriname Paramaribo 33,000 90.41
Switzerland Bern 65,600 179.73
Switzerland Geneva 93,300 255.62
Switzerland Zurich 39,219 107.45
Switzerland All cities other than Bern, Geneva and Zurich 32,900 90.14
Taiwan Taipei 46,188 126.54
Tanzania Dar Es Salaam 44,000 120.55
Thailand Bangkok 59,000 161.64
Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain 54,500 149.32
Turkey Izmir-Cigli 31,600 86.58
Turkey Yamanlar 31,600 86.58
Ukraine Kiev 72,000 197.26
United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi 49,687 136.13
United Arab Emirates Dubai 57,174 156.64
United Kingdom Basingstoke 41,099 112.60
United Kingdom Bath 41,000 112.33
United Kingdom Bracknell 62,100 170.14
United Kingdom Bristol 33,100 90.68
United Kingdom Brookwood 37,200 101.92
United Kingdom Cambridge 36,100 98.90
United Kingdom Caversham 73,800 202.19
United Kingdom Cheltenham 43,900 120.27
United Kingdom Croughton 38,000 104.11
United Kingdom Fairford 35,900 98.36
United Kingdom Farnborough 54,700 149.86
United Kingdom Felixstowe 34,800 95.34
United Kingdom Gibraltar 44,616 122.24
United Kingdom Harrogate 39,200 107.40
United Kingdom High Wycombe 62,100 170.14
United Kingdom Huntingdon 37,200 101.92
United Kingdom Kemble 35,900 98.36
United Kingdom Lakenheath 47,900 131.23
United Kingdom Liverpool 32,600 89.32
United Kingdom London 72,600 198.90
United Kingdom Loudwater 57,200 156.71
United Kingdom Menwith Hill 39,200 107.40
United Kingdom Mildenhall 47,900 131.23
United Kingdom Oxfordshire 36,400 99.73
United Kingdom Plymouth 36,400 99.73
United Kingdom Portsmouth 36,400 99.73
United Kingdom Reading 62,100 170.14
United Kingdom Rochester 37,400 102.47
United Kingdom Samlesbury 37,200 101.92
United Kingdom Southampton 44,200 121.10
United Kingdom Surrey 48,402 132.61
United Kingdom Waterbeach 37,300 102.19
United Kingdom Wiltshire 34,700 95.07
United Kingdom All cities other than Basingstoke, Bath, Belfast, Birmingham, Bracknell, Bristol, Brookwood, Brough, Cambridge, Caversham, Chelmsford, Cheltenham, Chicksands, Croughton, Dunstable, Edinburgh, Edzell, Fairford, Farnborough, Felixstowe, Ft. Halstead, Gibraltar, Glenrothes, Greenham Common, Harrogate, High Wycombe, Huntingdon, Hythe, Kemble, Lakenheath, Liverpool, London, Loudwater, Menwith Hill, Mildenhall, Nottingham, Oxfordshire, Plymouth, Portsmouth, Reading, Rochester, Samlesbury, Southampton, Surrey, Waterbeach, Welford, West Byfleet, and Wiltshire. 37,200 101.92
Venezuela Caracas 57,000 156.16
Vietnam Hanoi 46,800 128.22
Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City 42,000 115.07

SECTION 4. OPTION TO APPLY 2018 ADJUSTED LIMITATIONS TO 2017 TAXABLE YEAR

For some locations, the limitation on housing expenses provided in Section 3 of this notice may be higher than the limitation on housing expenses provided in the “Table of Adjusted Limitations for 2017” in Notice 2017–21. A qualified individual incurring housing expenses in such a location during 2017 may apply the adjusted limitation on housing expenses provided in Section 3 of this notice for 2017 in lieu of the amounts provided in the “Table of Adjusted Limitations for 2017” in Notice 2017–21 (and as set forth in the Instructions to Form 2555, Foreign Earned Income, for 2017).

The Treasury Department and the IRS anticipate that future annual notices providing adjustments to housing expense limitations will make a similar option available to qualified individuals that incur housing expenses in the immediately preceding year. For example, when adjusted housing expense limitations for 2019 are issued, it is expected that taxpayers will be permitted to apply those adjusted limitations to the 2018 taxable year.

SECTION 5. Filing Prior Year or Amended Tax Returns

Notice 2011–8, 2011–8 I.R.B. 503; Notice 2012–19, 2012–10 I.R.B. 440; Notice 2013–31, 2013–21 I.R.B. 1099; Notice 2014–29, 2014–18 I.R.B. 991; Notice 2015–33, 2015–18 I.R.B. 934; Notice 2016–21, 2016–12 I.R.B. 465; and Notice 2017–21, 2017–13 I.R.B. 1026 are relisted to assist those individuals who are filing prior year or amended tax returns.

SECTION 6. EFFECT ON OTHER DOCUMENTS

This notice revokes Notice 2018–33, 2018–17 I.R.B. 508. This notice also supersedes Notice 2006–87, 2006–43 I.R.B. 766; Notice 2007–25, 2007–12 I.R.B. 760; Notice 2007–77, 2007–40 I.R.B. 735; Notice 2008–107, 2008–50 I.R.B. 1265; Notice 2010–27, 2010–15 I.R.B. 531; Notice 2011–8, 2011–8 I.R.B. 503; Notice 2012–19, 2012–10 I.R.B. 440; Notice 2013–31, 2013–21 I.R.B. 1099; Notice 2014–29, 2014–18 I.R.B. 991; Notice 2015–33, 2015–18 I.R.B. 934; Notice 2016–21, 2016–12 I.R.B. 465; and Notice 2017–21, 2017–13 I.R.B. 1026.

SECTION 7. EFFECTIVE DATE

This notice is effective for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. However, as provided in Section 4, a taxpayer may apply the 2018 adjusted housing limitations contained in Section 3 of this notice to his or her taxable year beginning in 2017.

SECTION 8. DRAFTING INFORMATION

The principal author of this notice is Kate Y. Hwa of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (International). For further information regarding this notice contact Kate Y. Hwa on (202) 317-5001 (not a toll-free number).

Notice 2018–45

2018 Calendar Year Resident Population Figures

This notice advises State and local housing credit agencies that allocate low-income housing tax credits under § 42 of the Internal Revenue Code, and States and other issuers of tax-exempt private activity bonds under § 141, of the population figures to use in calculating: (1) the 2018 calendar year population-based component of the State housing credit ceiling (Credit Ceiling) under § 42(h)(3)(C)(ii); (2) the 2018 calendar year volume cap (Volume Cap) under § 146; and (3) the 2018 volume limit (Volume Limit) under § 142(k)(5).

Generally, § 146(j) requires determining the population figures for the population-based component of both the Credit Ceiling and the Volume Cap for any calendar year on the basis of the most recent census estimate of the resident population of a State (or issuing authority) released by the U.S. Census Bureau before the beginning of the calendar year. Similarly, § 142(k)(5) bases the Volume Limit on the State population.

Sections 42(h)(3)(H) and 146(d)(2) require adjusting for inflation the population-based component of the Credit Ceiling and the Volume Cap. The Credit Ceiling adjustment for the 2018 calendar year is in Rev. Proc. 2018–22, 2018–18 I.R.B. 524. Section 2 of Rev. Proc. 2018–22 modifies and supersedes section 3.08 of Rev. Proc. 2018–18, 2018–10 I.R.B. 392, and provides that, for calendar year 2018, the amount for calculating the Credit Ceiling under § 42(h)(3)(C)(ii) is the greater of $2.70 multiplied by the State population, or $3,105,000. Further, section 3.20 of Rev. Proc. 2018–18 remains unchanged and provides that the amount for calculating the Volume Cap under § 146(d)(1) for calendar year 2018 is the greater of $105 multiplied by the State population, or $310,710,000.

For the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, the population figures for calculating the Credit Ceiling, the Volume Cap, and the Volume Limit for the 2018 calendar year are the resident population estimates released electronically by the U.S. Census Bureau on December 20, 2017, and described in Press Release CB17–210. For American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, the population figures for the 2018 calendar year are the 2017 midyear population figures in the U.S. Census Bureau’s International Data Base (IDB). The U.S. Census Bureau electronically announced an update of the IDB on August 17, 2017, in Press Release CB17–TPS.64.

For convenience, these figures are reprinted below.

Resident Population Figures
Alabama 4,874,747
Alaska 739,795
American Samoa 51,504
Arizona 7,016,270
Arkansas 3,004,279
California 39,536,653
Colorado 5,607,154
Connecticut 3,588,184
Delaware 961,939
District of Columbia 693,972
Florida 20,984,400
Georgia 10,429,379
Guam 167,358
Hawaii 1,427,538
Idaho 1,716,943
Illinois 12,802,023
Indiana 6,666,818
Iowa 3,145,711
Kansas 2,913,123
Kentucky 4,454,189
Louisiana 4,684,333
Maine 1,335,907
Maryland 6,052,177
Massachusetts 6,859,819
Michigan 9,962,311
Minnesota 5,576,606
Mississippi 2,984,100
Missouri 6,113,532
Montana 1,050,493
Nebraska 1,920,076
Nevada 2,998,039
New Hampshire 1,342,795
New Jersey 9,005,644
New Mexico 2,088,070
New York 19,849,399
North Carolina 10,273,419
North Dakota 755.393
Northern Mariana Islands 52,263
Ohio 11,658,609
Oklahoma 3,930,864
Oregon 4,142,776
Pennsylvania 12,805,537
Puerto Rico 3,337,177
Rhode Island 1,059,639
South Carolina 5,024,369
South Dakota 869,666
Tennessee 6,715,984
Texas 28,304,596
Utah 3,101,833
Vermont 623,657
Virginia 8,470,020
Virgin Islands, U.S. 107,268
Washington 7,405,743
West Virginia 1,815,857
Wisconsin 5,795,483
Wyoming 579,315

The principal authors of this notice are James A. Holmes, Office of the Associate Chief Counsel (Passthroughs and Special Industries), and Timothy L. Jones, Office of the Associate Chief Counsel (Financial Institutions and Products). For further information regarding this notice, please contact Mr. Holmes at (202) 317-4137 (not a toll-free number).

Notice 2018–46

Modifications to Definition of United States Property under Section 956

On May 11, 2012, the Department of the Treasury (Treasury Department) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) published temporary and proposed regulations under section 956 in the Federal Register (TD 9589, 77 FR 27612, and REG-107548–11, 77 FR 27669, respectively) (the 2012 regulations). The 2012 regulations excepted from the definition of United States property (U.S. property) certain obligations arising from upfront payments on cleared notional principal contracts (NPCs) with respect to which full initial variation margin was posted. See § 1.956–2T(b)(1)(xi) (as promulgated by TD 9589). On May 8, 2015, temporary and proposed regulations under sections 446 and 956 were published in the Federal Register (TD 9719, 80 FR 26437, and REG-102656–15, 80 FR 26500, respectively) (the 2015 regulations). The 2015 regulations under section 956 extended the exception to the definition of U.S. property contained in the 2012 regulations to certain obligations of United States persons arising from upfront payments made with respect to uncleared NPCs, if certain conditions were met. See § 1.956–2T(b)(1)(xi) (the full margin or cash collateral exception) (as promulgated by TD 9719).

The Treasury Department and the IRS have received several comments on the 2015 regulations, including regarding uncertainty about the application of § 1.956–2T(b)(1)(xi). For example, commenters requested clarification regarding the application of the exception when a combination of cash and other property is posted as margin, particularly in light of the rule in section 956(c)(2)(J) that provides an exception from U.S. property to the extent that readily marketable securities are posted as collateral (qualifying collateral). Commenters requested that the exception apply (1) to the extent that qualifying collateral has been posted as margin in respect of an upfront payment regardless of whether the remainder of the payment is collateralized (similar to the exception in section 956(c)(2)(J)), and (2) without regard to whether the underlying derivative financial instrument is an NPC. The temporary 2015 regulations will expire on May 7, 2018.

In light of the foregoing, the Treasury Department and the IRS intend to publish regulations that will provide an exception from the definition of U.S. property (similar to the exception in section 956(c)(2)(J)) for an obligation (without regard to whether such obligation arises in connection with a derivative financial instrument that is or is not an NPC) of a United States person to the extent the principal amount of the obligation does not exceed the fair market value of cash and readily marketable securities posted or received as margin or collateral for the obligation in the ordinary course of its business by a United States or foreign person that is a dealer in securities or commodities. Before the issuance of the regulations, taxpayers may rely either on the provisions of this notice (including with respect to obligations arising before May 4, 2018) or on the full margin or cash collateral exception provided in the 2015 regulations.

The principal author of this notice is Kristine A. Crabtree of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (International). For further information regarding this notice, contact Ms. Crabtree at (202) 317-6934 (not a toll-free number).

Notice 2018–47

Empowerment Zone Designation Extension

I. PURPOSE

This notice explains how a State or local government is deemed to extend the termination date designated in an empowerment zone nomination until December 31, 2017. This notice is issued pursuant to § 1391 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended by § 40311(a) of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, Pub. L. No. 115–123, 132 Stat. 64 (February 9, 2018) (the “BBA”).

II. BACKGROUND

Section 1391 was enacted in 1993 to allow a State or local government (“entity”) to nominate an area or areas in its jurisdiction for designation as an empowerment zone. The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, in the case of any nominated area that is located in an urban area, and the Secretary of Agriculture, in the case of any nominated area that is located in a rural area, have designated which nominated areas are empowerment zones. Unless an earlier termination date was provided by the nominating entity, a designation was originally effective for the period beginning on the date of designation and ending on the close of the 10th taxable year beginning on or after the date of designation.

Section 112 of the Community Renewal Tax Relief Act of 2000, Pub. L. No. 106–554, 114 Stat. 2763A-587 (December 21, 2000) (CRTRA), amended § 1391(d)(1)(A) to extend the designation period for all empowerment zones through December 31, 2009, regardless of the original termination date. Subsequent amendments to § 1391(d)(1)(A) further extended the designation period through December 31, 2016. See § 753(a) of the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, Pub. L. No. 111–312, 124 Stat. 3296 (December 17, 2010), § 327(a) of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, Pub. L. No. 112–240, 126 Stat. 2313 (January 2, 2013), § 139(a) of the Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014, Pub. L. No. 113–295, 128 Stat. 4010 (December 19, 2014), and § 171(a) of the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act of 2015, enacted as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016, Division Q, Pub. L. No. 114–113, 129 Stat. 2242 (December 18, 2015).

Based on these amendments to § 1391(d)(1)(A), the Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issued guidance treating any nomination for an empowerment zone as extended for a specified period unless the nominating entity declined the extension in a written notification to the IRS. Specifically, in Notice 2013–38, 2013–25 I.R.B. 1251, nominations were deemed extended to December 31, 2013; in Notice 2015–26, 2015–13 I.R.B. 814, nominations were deemed extended to December 31, 2014; and in Notice 2016–28, 2016–15 I.R.B. 576, nominations were deemed extended to December 31, 2016. The IRS received no written requests declining the extensions under Notice 2013–38, Notice 2015–26, or Notice 2016–28. Accordingly, the designations of all empowerment zones currently have a termination date of December 31, 2016.

In 2018, Congress further amended § 1391(d)(1) to extend the period for which an empowerment zone designation is in effect by an additional year. As amended by § 40311(a)(1) of the BBA, § 1391(d)(1) provides that any designation of an empowerment zone ends on the earliest of (A) December 31, 2017, (B) the termination date designated by the State and local governments as provided for in their nomination, or (C) the date the appropriate Secretary revokes the designation. Section 40311(a)(2) of the BBA provides that where a nomination of an empowerment zone includes a termination date of December 31, 2016, § 1391(d)(1)(B) shall not apply to the designation if, after the date of the enactment of the BBA, the nominating entity follows the procedures provided by the Secretary of the Treasury to extend the termination date to December 31, 2017. The amendments made by § 40311(a) of the BBA apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2016. Section III of this notice explains the process for extending the termination date designated in an empowerment zone nomination.

III. EXTENDING THE NOMINATION OF AN EMPOWERMENT ZONE DESIGNATION TO DECEMBER 31, 2017

Any nomination for an empowerment zone designation with a current termination date (as amended by CRTRA, Notice 2013–38, Notice 2015–26, and Notice 2016–28) of December 31, 2016, is deemed to be amended to provide for a new termination date of December 31, 2017, unless the nominating entity sends written notification to the IRS by July 3, 2018. The written notification must affirmatively decline the December 31, 2017, designated termination date of the empowerment zone nomination. If the United States mail is used, the notification should be sent to the following address:

  • Internal Revenue Service

  • Attn: Charles Magee, CC:ITA:7, Room 4136

  • P.O. Box 7604

  • Ben Franklin Station

  • Washington, DC 20044

If a private delivery service is used, the notification should be sent to the following address:

  • Internal Revenue Service

  • Attn: Charles Magee, CC:ITA:7, Room 4136

  • 1111 Constitution Ave., NW

  • Washington, DC 20224

If the entity that nominated an empowerment zone does not send written notification, the termination date designated in the empowerment zone nomination will be deemed extended from December 31, 2016, through December 31, 2017. Accordingly, § 1391(d)(1)(B) does not apply and, pursuant to § 1391(d)(1)(A)(i), the designation of that empowerment zone ends on December 31, 2017.

IV. DRAFTING INFORMATION

The principal author of this notice is Charles Magee of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Income Tax & Accounting). For further information regarding this notice contact Mr. Magee at (202) 317-7005 (not a toll-free number).

Rev. Proc. 2018–30

SECTION 1. PURPOSE

This revenue procedure provides the 2019 inflation adjusted amounts for Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) as determined under § 223 of the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 2. 2019 INFLATION ADJUSTED ITEMS

Annual contribution limitation. For calendar year 2019, the annual limitation on deductions under § 223(b)(2)(A) for an individual with self-only coverage under a high deductible health plan is $3,500. For calendar year 2019, the annual limitation on deductions under § 223(b)(2)(B) for an individual with family coverage under a high deductible health plan is $7,000.

High deductible health plan. For calendar year 2019, a “high deductible health plan” is defined under § 223(c)(2)(A) as a health plan with an annual deductible that is not less than $1,350 for self-only coverage or $2,700 for family coverage, and the annual out-of-pocket expenses (deductibles, co-payments, and other amounts, but not premiums) do not exceed $6,750 for self-only coverage or $13,500 for family coverage.

SECTION 3. EFFECTIVE DATE

This revenue procedure is effective for calendar year 2019.

SECTION 4. DRAFTING INFORMATION

The principal author of this revenue procedure is Bill Ruane of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Income Tax & Accounting). For further information regarding § 223 and HSAs, contact Karen Levin at (202) 317-5500 (not a toll-free number). For further information regarding the calculation of the inflation adjustments in this revenue procedure, contact Mr. Ruane at (202) 317-4718 (not a toll-free number).

Definition of Terms and Abbreviations

Definition of Terms

Revenue rulings and revenue procedures (hereinafter referred to as “rulings”) that have an effect on previous rulings use the following defined terms to describe the effect:

Amplified describes a situation where no change is being made in a prior published position, but the prior position is being extended to apply to a variation of the fact situation set forth therein. Thus, if an earlier ruling held that a principle applied to A, and the new ruling holds that the same principle also applies to B, the earlier ruling is amplified. (Compare with modified, below).

Clarified is used in those instances where the language in a prior ruling is being made clear because the language has caused, or may cause, some confusion. It is not used where a position in a prior ruling is being changed.

Distinguished describes a situation where a ruling mentions a previously published ruling and points out an essential difference between them.

Modified is used where the substance of a previously published position is being changed. Thus, if a prior ruling held that a principle applied to A but not to B, and the new ruling holds that it applies to both A and B, the prior ruling is modified because it corrects a published position. (Compare with amplified and clarified, above).

Obsoleted describes a previously published ruling that is not considered determinative with respect to future transactions. This term is most commonly used in a ruling that lists previously published rulings that are obsoleted because of changes in laws or regulations. A ruling may also be obsoleted because the substance has been included in regulations subsequently adopted.

Revoked describes situations where the position in the previously published ruling is not correct and the correct position is being stated in a new ruling.

Superseded describes a situation where the new ruling does nothing more than restate the substance and situation of a previously published ruling (or rulings). Thus, the term is used to republish under the 1986 Code and regulations the same position published under the 1939 Code and regulations. The term is also used when it is desired to republish in a single ruling a series of situations, names, etc., that were previously published over a period of time in separate rulings. If the new ruling does more than restate the substance of a prior ruling, a combination of terms is used. For example, modified and superseded describes a situation where the substance of a previously published ruling is being changed in part and is continued without change in part and it is desired to restate the valid portion of the previously published ruling in a new ruling that is self contained. In this case, the previously published ruling is first modified and then, as modified, is superseded.

Supplemented is used in situations in which a list, such as a list of the names of countries, is published in a ruling and that list is expanded by adding further names in subsequent rulings. After the original ruling has been supplemented several times, a new ruling may be published that includes the list in the original ruling and the additions, and supersedes all prior rulings in the series.

Suspended is used in rare situations to show that the previous published rulings will not be applied pending some future action such as the issuance of new or amended regulations, the outcome of cases in litigation, or the outcome of a Service study.

Abbreviations

The following abbreviations in current use and formerly used will appear in material published in the Bulletin.

A—Individual.

Acq.—Acquiescence.

B—Individual.

BE—Beneficiary.

BK—Bank.

B.T.A.—Board of Tax Appeals.

C—Individual.

C.B.—Cumulative Bulletin.

CFR—Code of Federal Regulations.

CI—City.

COOP—Cooperative.

Ct.D.—Court Decision.

CY—County.

D—Decedent.

DC—Dummy Corporation.

DE—Donee.

Del. Order—Delegation Order.

DISC—Domestic International Sales Corporation.

DR—Donor.

E—Estate.

EE—Employee.

E.O.—Executive Order.

ER—Employer.

ERISA—Employee Retirement Income Security Act.

EX—Executor.

F—Fiduciary.

FC—Foreign Country.

FICA—Federal Insurance Contributions Act.

FISC—Foreign International Sales Company.

FPH—Foreign Personal Holding Company.

F.R.—Federal Register.

FUTA—Federal Unemployment Tax Act.

FX—Foreign corporation.

G.C.M.—Chief Counsel’s Memorandum.

GE—Grantee.

GP—General Partner.

GR—Grantor.

IC—Insurance Company.

I.R.B.—Internal Revenue Bulletin.

LE—Lessee.

LP—Limited Partner.

LR—Lessor.

M—Minor.

Nonacq.—Nonacquiescence.

O—Organization.

P—Parent Corporation.

PHC—Personal Holding Company.

PO—Possession of the U.S.

PR—Partner.

PRS—Partnership.

PTE—Prohibited Transaction Exemption.

Pub. L.—Public Law.

REIT—Real Estate Investment Trust.

Rev. Proc.—Revenue Procedure.

Rev. Rul.—Revenue Ruling.

S—Subsidiary.

S.P.R.—Statement of Procedural Rules.

Stat.—Statutes at Large.

T—Target Corporation.

T.C.—Tax Court.

T.D.—Treasury Decision.

TFE—Transferee.

TFR—Transferor.

T.I.R.—Technical Information Release.

TP—Taxpayer.

TR—Trust.

TT—Trustee.

U.S.C.—United States Code.

X—Corporation.

Y—Corporation.

Z—Corporation.

Numerical Finding List

Numerical Finding List

A cumulative list of all revenue rulings, revenue procedures, Treasury decisions, etc., published in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2017–27 through 2017–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2017–52, dated December 27, 2017.

Bulletin 2018–1 through 2018–21

Announcements:

Article Issue Link Page
2018-01 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 387
2018-02 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 387
2018-03 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 387
2018-04 2018-10 I.R.B. 2018-10 401
2018-05 2018-13 I.R.B. 2018-13 461
2018-07 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 503
2018-08 2018-19 I.R.B. 2018-19 552

 

Notices:

Article Issue Link Page
2018-01 2018-03 I.R.B. 2018-03 285
2018-02 2018-02 I.R.B. 2018-02 281
2018-03 2018-02 I.R.B. 2018-02 285
2018-05 2018-06 I.R.B. 2018-06 341
2018-06 2018-03 I.R.B. 2018-03 300
2018-07 2018-04 I.R.B. 2018-04 317
2018-08 2018-07 I.R.B. 2018-07 352
2018-10 2018-08 I.R.B. 2018-08 359
2018-11 2018-11 I.R.B. 2018-11 425
2018-12 2018-12 I.R.B. 2018-12 441
2018-13 2018-06 I.R.B. 2018-06 341
2018-14 2018-07 I.R.B. 2018-07 353
2018-15 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 376
2018-16 2018-10 I.R.B. 2018-10 390
2018-17 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 376
2018-18 2018-12 I.R.B. 2018-12 443
2018-19 2018-12 I.R.B. 2018-12 443
2018-20 2018-12 I.R.B. 2018-12 444
2018-21 2018-15 I.R.B. 2018-15 472
2018-22 2018-14 I.R.B. 2018-14 464
2018-23 2018-15 I.R.B. 2018-15 474
2018-24 2018-17 I.R.B. 2018-17 507
2018-25 2018-15 I.R.B. 2018-15 476
2018-26 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 480
2018-27 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 580
2018-28 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 492
2018-29 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 495
2018-30 2018-21 I.R.B. 2018-21 610
2018-31 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 501
2018-32 2018-17 I.R.B. 2018-17 507
2018-33 2018-17 I.R.B. 2018-17 508
2018-34 2018-19 I.R.B. 2018-19 549
2018-35 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 520
2018-36 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 582
2018-37 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 521
2018-38 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 522
2018-39 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 582
2018-40 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 583
2018-41 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 584
2018-43 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 590
2018-44 2018-21 I.R.B. 2018-21 611
2018-45 2018-21 I.R.B. 2018-21 620
2018-46 2018-21 I.R.B. 2018-21 621
2018-47 2018-21 I.R.B. 2018-21 621

 

Proposed Regulations:

Article Issue Link Page
REG-119514-15 2018-04 I.R.B. 2018-04 325
REG-129260-16 2018-14 I.R.B. 2018-14 470
REG-118067-17 2018-08 I.R.B. 2018-08 360
REG-132197-17 2018-10 I.R.B. 2018-10 404
REG-132197-17 2018-10 I.R.B. 2018-10 404
REG-132434-17 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 503

 

Revenue Procedures:

Article Issue Link Page
2018-1 2018-01 I.R.B. 2018-01 1
2018-2 2018-01 I.R.B. 2018-01 106
2018-3 2018-01 I.R.B. 2018-01 130
2018-4 2018-01 I.R.B. 2018-01 146
2018-5 2018-01 I.R.B. 2018-01 244
2018-7 2018-01 I.R.B. 2018-01 282
2018-8 2018-02 I.R.B. 2018-02 286
2018-9 2018-02 I.R.B. 2018-02 290
2018-10 2018-07 I.R.B. 2018-07 355
2018-11 2018-05 I.R.B. 2018-05 334
2018-12 2018-06 I.R.B. 2018-06 349
2018-13 2018-07 I.R.B. 2018-07 356
2018-14 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 378
2018-15 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 379
2018-16 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 383
2018-17 2018-09 I.R.B. 2018-09 384
2018-18 2018-10 I.R.B. 2018-10 392
2018-19 2018-14 I.R.B. 2018-14 466
2018-20 2018-11 I.R.B. 2018-11 427
2018-21 2018-14 I.R.B. 2018-14 467
2018-22 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 524
2018-23 2018-17 I.R.B. 2018-17 516
2018-24 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 525
2018-25 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 543
2018-26 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 546
2018-27 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 591
2018-28 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 592
2018-30 2018-21 I.R.B. 2018-21 622

 

 

Revenue Rulings:

Article Issue Link Page
2018-01 2018-02 I.R.B. 2018-02 275
2018-02 2018-02 I.R.B. 2018-02 277
2018-03 2018-02 I.R.B. 2018-02 278
2018-04 2018-04 I.R.B. 2018-04 304
2018-05 2018-06 I.R.B. 2018-06 339
2018-06 2018-10 I.R.B. 2018-10 388
2018-07 2018-13 I.R.B. 2018-13 445
2018-09 2018-14 I.R.B. 2018-14 462
2018-10 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 477
2018-11 2018-18 I.R.B. 2018-18 518
2018-12 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 575
2018-13 2018-20 I.R.B. 2018-20 576

 

Treasury Decisions:

Article Issue Link Page
9829 2018-04 I.R.B. 2018-04 308
9830 2018-11 I.R.B. 2018-11 423
9831 2018-13 I.R.B. 2018-13 459
9832 2018-16 I.R.B. 2018-16 477

 

Effect of Current Actions on Previously Published Items

Finding List of Current Actions on Previously Published Items

A cumulative list of all revenue rulings, revenue procedures, Treasury decisions, etc., published in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2017–27 through 2017–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2017–52, dated December 27, 2017.

Bulletin 2018–1 through 2018–21

 

Notices:

Old Article Action New Article Issue Link Page
2003-65 Modified by Notice 2018-30 2018-21 I.R.B. 2018-21 610

 

INTERNAL REVENUE BULLETIN

The Introduction at the beginning of this issue describes the purpose and content of this publication. The weekly Internal Revenue Bulletins are available at www.irs.gov/irb/.

We Welcome Comments About the Internal Revenue Bulletin

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